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采用盆栽试验方法,通过监测2012~2014年间土壤渗漏水氮磷迁移淋失及土壤养分积累和作物产量,在自然降雨条件下初步研究了不同利用方式(花生-萝卜轮作、玉米-萝卜轮作和紫薯单作)红黏土红壤对猪粪的安全消纳量。从渗漏水环境和土壤环境角度,常规化肥用量减半(N 50 kg hm-2 a-1,P 25 kg hm-2 a-1,K 50 kg hm-2 a-1)下,种植花生、玉米和紫薯的红壤猪粪最大安全用量分别为P 100 kg hm-2 a-1,P 200 kg hm-2 a-1和P 400 kg hm-2 a-1;从作物产量角度考虑,种植花生和紫薯的红壤猪粪施用量不应超过P 100 kg hm-2 a-1和P 400 kg hm-2 a-1,而在试验设计最高猪粪用量P 800 kg hm-2 a-1范围内玉米产量仍然增加。从安全消纳猪粪的角度,紫薯单作模式优于花生-萝卜轮作和玉米-萝卜轮作。综合考虑,种植花生、玉米和紫薯的猪粪每年最大安全消纳量分别为P 100 kg hm-2 a-1、P 200 kg hm-2 a-1和P 400 kg hm-2 a-1,相当于猪粪(含水量为69%)施用量分别为24000 kg hm-2 a-1、48000 kg hm-2 a-1和96000 kg hm-2 a-1。
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different utilization methods (peanut-radish rotation, maize-radish rotation and crop rotation) on soil water leakage during the period of2012to2014, soil nutrient accumulation and crop yield. Purple sweet potato single) red clay red pig safe consumption of pig manure. From the viewpoints of seepage water environment and soil environment, planting peanuts under the conditions of reducing the amount of conventional fertilizers (N 50 kg hm-2 a-1, P 25 kg hm-2 a-1, K 50 kg hm-2 a-1) , And the safest amounts of pig manure in red soil of corn and sweet potato were P 100 kg hm-2 a-1, P 200 kg hm-2 a-1 and P 400 kg hm-2 a-1, respectively. Considering crop yield, The amount of pig manure applied to the red soils planted with peanut and purple sweet potato should not exceed P 100 kg hm-2 a-1 and P 400 kg hm-2 a-1, whereas the maximum pig manure application P 800 kg hm-2 a- 1 maize production is still increasing. From the perspective of safe consumption of pig manure, purple sweet potato monoculture mode is better than peanut-radish rotation and corn-radish rotation. Taken together, the maximum annual safe consumption of pig manure for planting peanut, corn and purple sweet potato was P 100 kg hm-2 a-1, P 200 kg hm-2 a-1 and P 400 kg hm-2 a-1 Equivalent to 24,000 kg hm-2 a-1, 48,000 kg hm-2 a-1 and 96,000 kg hm-2 a-1 for swine manure (69% water content)