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用1955年1月—2001年12月美国Scripps海洋研究所的海温再分析资料、美国NCEP再分析资料和美国气候预测中心(CPC)资料,讨论了热带太平洋ENSO与热带印度洋海温距平以及与印度洋偶极子(Dipole)的关系,研究结果发现:在垂直最大温度距平曲面(MTAL)上,热带印度洋海温距平分布存在着与热带太平洋ENSO密切相关的Dipole现象,其中最大的相关在太平洋ENSO超前印度洋Dipole一个月。但是,热带印度洋Dipole的分布与Saij定义的位置略有不同,为东北西南向,它们分别在6°S—10°S、65°E—75°E(西印度洋)和2°N—6°N、85°E—95°E(东印度洋),它是赤道印度洋的一个主要海温距平系统。另外,在热带印度洋东北部与ENSO相关的海温距平是一个上下不一致的系统,该海温距平并没有伸展到海面,从海面到20m—50m的浅薄水层,则为与赤道西南印度洋相同符号的海温距平分布。因此在海面,海温距平不存在与ENSO有关的Dipole现象,赤道印度洋Dipole只存在于次表层以下,这是赤道印度洋Dipole与ENSO不同之处。这种赤道东北印度洋表层与赤道西南印度洋表层同符号的海温距平现象,有可能是海气热力过程如感热过程造成的。热带印度洋Dipole的周期要小于ElNino3,一般为1a—6a。
Based on the SST ocean reanalysis data from January 1955 to December 2001 in the United States, the NCEP reanalysis data from the United States and the US Climate Prediction Center (CPC) data, the relationship between the tropical Pacific SSTE and the tropical Indian Ocean SSTA The results show that Dipole phenomenon is closely related to tropical Pacific ENSO at the maximum vertical temperature anomaly surface (MTAL) over the tropical Indian Ocean, and the largest correlation In the Pacific ENSO Dipole a month ahead of the Indian Ocean. However, the Dipole distribution in the tropical Indian Ocean is slightly different from that defined by Saij and is northeast-southwest at 6 ° S-10 ° S, 65 ° E-75 ° E (West Indian Ocean) and 2 ° N-6 ° N, 85 ° E-95 ° E (East Indian Ocean), a major SST anomaly in the Indian Ocean. In addition, the ENSO-related SST anomalies in the northeastern Indian Ocean are an upside-down system that does not extend to the sea surface. From the sea to the shallow water layer of 20m-50m, The same symbol of the sea temperature anomaly distribution. Therefore, there is no Dipole phenomenon associated with ENSO at sea level and the SST anomalies. Dipole in the equatorial Indian Ocean exists only below subsurface, which is the difference between Dipole and ENSO in the equatorial Indian Ocean. This equatorial northeastern Indian Ocean surface and the equatorial Southwest Indian Ocean surface with the sign of the sea temperature anomaly phenomenon may be caused by air-sea thermal processes such as sensible heat process. Dipole in the tropical Indian Ocean has a period less than that of ElNino3, typically 1a-6a.