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一、前言一般在显微镜下观察的物体大致可以分为两类:振幅物体和相位物体。对于透射光来说,因吸收率变化使共振幅改变的物体叫振幅物体;因折射率不同使其相位改变的物体叫相位物体。对于反射光也有类似情况,光线射到不透明物体上时,因反射率的变化会引起反射光线振幅的变化;因表而高低微差会引起反射光线相位的变化。人眼对光线振幅的变化是敏感的,但却无法察觉相位变化。如果能将光线的相位变化转换为振幅变化,那么相位物体也能通过人眼观察到了。二十世纪四十年代发展起来的相衬和以后的微分干涉相衬就是这类显微术。 DifferenTial interference-co-ntrast(DIC)——微分干涉相衬(简称干衬)是五十年代提出,七十年代普遍使用
First, the preface General observation under the microscope can be roughly divided into two categories: amplitude and phase objects. For transmitted light, due to changes in absorption rate to change the amplitude of the object is called the amplitude of the object; due to different refractive index to change the phase of the object called the phase object. The same is true for reflected light. When a light hits an opaque object, the change of the reflected light amplitude will cause a change of the amplitude of the reflected light due to the change of the reflectivity. Because the difference of the height and the difference of the table causes the phase of the reflected light to change. The human eye is sensitive to changes in light amplitude, but can not detect phase changes. If you can change the phase of light into amplitude changes, then phase objects can be observed through the human eye. This type of microscopy is the contrast between the phase contrast developed in the 1940s and the differential interference in the future. DifferenTial interference-co-ntrast (DIC) -Differential interference phase contrast (dry lining) is proposed in the fifties, commonly used in the seventies