论文部分内容阅读
为了解上海市人群的胎儿铅暴露水平及其影响因素，在上海市杨浦区收集脐血标本６０５份，其中３４８份标本在严格质量控制下以石墨炉原子吸收光谱法进行血铅测定，并以面谈问卷的形式对脐血铅水平在第７０百分位以上和第３０百分位以下者进行家庭社会环境和健康状况调查，用多因素统计分析的方法，分析对脐血铅水平有明显作用的影响因素。结果：３４８例的血铅水平呈正态分布，被测人群中脐血铅范围０．０８～０．８４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，均值０．４４μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，标准差０．１５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，脐血铅水平超过目前认为的安全界限（０．４８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）的占４０．８％。研究还发现，孕期被动吸烟、家庭成员接触铅、居室邻近马路、居住大环境有煤烟污染、以煤作为家用燃料和孕期食用皮蛋是胎儿期铅暴露的危险因素。多元ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析发现，被动吸烟对脐血铅水平的贡献，在考虑了其他掺杂因素的影响后仍有统计学意义。结论：目前上海市环境铅污染状况可能对胎儿的发育产生不利影响。
In order to understand the level of fetal lead exposure in Shanghai and its influencing factors, 605 samples of umbilical cord blood were collected from Yangpu District of Shanghai. 348 samples were tested for blood lead by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with strict quality control. Interview questionnaire survey of cord blood lead levels above the 70th percentile and below the 30th percentile of the family social environment and health status survey using multivariate statistical analysis methods to analyze the cord blood lead levels have a significant role The impact of factors. Results: The blood lead level of 348 patients showed a normal distribution. The cord blood lead level ranged from 0.08 to 0.84 μmol / L, with a mean of 0.44 μmol / L, a standard deviation of 0.15 μmol / L, cord blood lead level Over the current perceived safety margin (0.48μmol / L) accounted for 40.8%. The study also found that passive smoking during pregnancy, family members exposed to lead, living room adjacent to the road, living in a large environment with soot pollution, coal as a domestic fuel and egg during pregnancy is a risk factor for fetal lead exposure. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the contribution of passive smoking to lead levels in umbilical cord was still statistically significant after considering the effects of other doping factors. Conclusion: At present, environmental lead pollution in Shanghai may adversely affect fetal development.