随着公路标准的提高,新规范对公路纵、横、平的配合要求也随之提高,特别是在地形复杂的地区,即使很有经验的工程技术人员,要在实地定出一条比较合理的路线也是很困难的。因此,公路设计一般分两步进行。首先在1∶2000的地形图上作纸上定线,然后再放到实地进行详测。按传统,平原地区采用拨角量距法,山丘地区多用前方交汇法放线。这两种方法都 With the improvement of highway standards, the requirements of the new codes on the coordination of vertical, horizontal and horizontal roads have also been raised. Especially in the areas with complex terrain, even experienced engineers and technicians should make a reasonable decision on the ground The route is also very difficult. Therefore, highway design generally takes two steps. First in the 1: 2000 topographic map for paper on the line, and then put it to the field for detailed measurements. Traditionally, the dial paddles were used in the plains area, and the hill areas were put to work by the front intersection method. Both methods are