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在菊花栽培中常出现一些不正常现象,这是菊花栽培者难以解决的问题。现将笔者十几年来解决这类难题的实践体会,简单介绍如下:一、栽培独本菊出现柳芽头和封顶问题。1.柳芽头。九月初当植株长到30cm～40cm高时,在顶端出现柳叶形叶片,即柳芽头。植株一发生柳芽头,茎叶自然老化,顶生的花芽一般出现三个枝芽陡然拔节侧弯生长,叶片稀小,花茎长伸,花头也不够丰满成形。产生柳芽头的原因:一是选定脚芽不当;二是菊花自身的生长发育与外部环境条件不协调。2.封顶。即当新株定植后长到20cm～30cm时,不见顶芽拔节发育,而叶片重叠密生,叶片蓄含芽苞也不伸长,始终不能孕蕾开花。出现封顶原因:一是个别品种遗传特性的表现,如黄夔龙、绿牡丹、梨香菊;二是选定脚芽不当,如脚芽出土前后过分受到抑制,心点受到损害而畸型发展造成的。具体预防措施如下:
Chrysanthemum often appear in the cultivation of some abnormal phenomena, which is hard to solve chrysanthemum cultivation problems. Now the author more than 10 years to solve the practical experience of such problems, a brief introduction is as follows: First, the cultivation of single chrysanthemum appear willow head and cap issues. Willow head Early September when the plant grows to 30cm ~ 40cm high, willow-shaped leaves at the top, that is, willow buds. The occurrence of willow buds, the natural aging of stems and leaves, the top of the flower buds appear in general three branch buds abruptly jointed scoliosis growth, thin leaves, stems elongation, flower head is not enough plump shape. The reason why the willow buds are generated: First, improperly selected foot buds; Second, the growth and development of the chrysanthemum itself is not coordinated with the external environmental conditions. 2. Caps. That is, when the new strain grows to 20cm ~ 30cm after colonization, it does not see the development of the top buds and buds, while the leaves overlap and are densely covered. Capping reasons: First, the genetic characteristics of individual varieties of performance, such as the yellow dragon, green peony, pear, chrysanthemum; second is the inappropriate selection of foot buds, such as foot buds before and after excessive inhibition, heart damage caused by abnormal development. Specific preventive measures are as follows: