目的探讨膀胱癌早期诊断中补体因子H检测的临床价值。方法选取2015年2月至2016年1月北京市门头沟区医院收治的46例膀胱癌患者的尿液标本为观察组,另选取同期30例良性血尿非肿瘤患者的尿液标本为对照组,分别进行尿脱落细胞学检查和补体因子H检测。结果补体因子H检测敏感性为78.3%,特异性为93.3%;尿脱落细胞学检查敏感性为52.2%,特异性为96.7%。观察组中,不同分型的膀胱癌,补体因子H检测的敏感性高于尿脱落细胞学检查,尤其是补体因子H检测在非浸润性膀胱癌的诊断中具有较好的敏感性(>83.3%)。结论补体因子H检测对于膀胱癌具有较好的早期诊断价值,且安全无创伤,成本低,效益高,灵敏度高,值得临床推广应用。 Objective To investigate the clinical value of complement factor H in the early diagnosis of bladder cancer. Methods Urine samples from 46 patients with bladder cancer admitted to Mentougou District Hospital in Beijing from February 2015 to January 2016 were selected as the observation group. Urine specimens of 30 patients with benign hematuria and non-tumor during the same period were selected as the control group, Urine cytology and complement factor H test. Results The sensitivity and specificity of complement factor H detection were 78.3% and 93.3% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of exfoliative cytology were 52.2% and 96.7% respectively. In the observation group, the sensitivity of different types of bladder cancer and complement factor H test was higher than that of urine cytology, especially the complement factor H test had a good sensitivity in the diagnosis of non-invasive bladder cancer (> 83.3 %). Conclusions Complement factor H test has a good early diagnostic value for bladder cancer, and is safe and noninvasive. It has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and high sensitivity and is worthy of clinical application.