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【目的】探讨葡萄砧木枝条的抗寒性,为新疆葡萄砧木的选择、引进及抗寒栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以8种葡萄砧木为研究对象,对低温胁迫下各砧木品种枝条的相对电导率、游离脯氨酸、丙二醛、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性进行测定。应用隶属函数法对各项生理生化指标进行抗寒综合评价。【结果】随温度的降低,所有砧木品种枝条的相对电导率、脯氨酸、丙二醛和可溶性糖含量均逐渐增加,但增加幅度有所不同;可溶性蛋白、SOD和POD的含量均呈现先升高后降低的趋势;CAT含量变化不规律。根据隶属函数法综合判断得出葡萄砧木抗寒性强弱顺序为:脱毒贝达>5C>110R>101-14>188-08>3 309C>5BB>SO4。根据恢复生长验证得出各品种抗寒性强弱与各抗寒理化指标进行隶属函数法得出的砧木抗寒性排序结果基本一致。【结论】8种砧木中脱毒贝达抗寒性最强,能抵御的最低温度达-30℃以下;5C、110R、101-14、188-08、3 309C和5BB抗寒性较强,能抵御的最低温度为-20~-30℃;SO4抗寒性最弱,能抵御的最低温度为-20℃。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to investigate the cold resistance of grape rootstocks and to provide a theoretical basis for the selection, introduction and cold hardiness cultivation of Xinjiang grape rootstocks. 【Method】 Eight kinds of grape rootstocks were used to study the relative conductivity, free proline, malondialdehyde, soluble sugar, soluble protein, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase And catalase activity were determined. Applying the membership function method to evaluate the physiological and biochemical indexes comprehensively. 【Result】 With the decrease of temperature, the relative conductivity, the content of proline, malondialdehyde and soluble sugar in all shoots increased gradually, but the increasing range was different. The content of soluble protein, SOD and POD all showed the first Increased and then decreased; CAT content changes irregularly. According to the membership function method, the order of cold resistance of grapes rootstock was concluded as follows: detoxication Beida> 5C> 110R> 101-14> 188-08> 309C> 5BB> SO4. According to the results of restoration and growth, the cold resistance of each variety and the physical and chemical indexes of cold resistance were analyzed. The cold resistance of rootstocks obtained by the membership function method was basically the same. 【Conclusion】 The virus-free Beida in the eight kinds of rootstocks had the strongest cold resistance and the lowest temperature that could resist the temperature below -30 ℃. The cold resistance of 5C, 110R, 101-14, 188-08, 309C and 5BB was stronger, The lowest temperature that can resist is -20 ~ -30 ℃; the weakest SO4 cold resistance, the lowest temperature that can resist is -20 ℃.