儿科医师都熟知新生儿易患感染性疾病,尤其已反复证明了肠道病毒可以引起新生儿的严重疾患。肠道病毒性疾病的发病率,婴儿比学龄儿童高10倍或10倍以上,比中年成人高100倍之多。本文系美国1972～1975四年期间338例两个月以下幼婴的非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒分离资料,重点是对常见的非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒所引起幼婴疾病的病原学、流行病学和临床表现方面,并与有关的成人肠道病毒性疾病做了对比。在338例幼婴中,根据诊断将病种归纳为“严重的”(组Ⅰ)248例和“良性的”(组Ⅱ)90例两类,如表所示:因为婴儿中枢神经系统的肠道病毒感染经常有后遗症,故新生儿脑膜炎病例纳入组Ⅰ。而一些综合征如肺炎和胃肠炎虽有时可能是很严重的,但放在组Ⅱ中。严重的全身病包括各种体征及不够诊断条件的一 Pediatricians are well-versed in neonatal susceptibility to infectious diseases and, in particular, have repeatedly demonstrated that enteroviruses can cause serious problems in newborns. The incidence of enteric viral diseases, infants 10 times or 10 times higher than school-age children, 100 times higher than middle-aged adults. This article is a collection of 338 non-polio enterovirus isolates from 338 infants younger than two months from 1972 to 1975 in the United States focusing on the etiology, epidemiology, and epidemiology of common infant non-polio enterovirus Medical and clinical manifestations, and compared with the relevant adult enteroviral diseases. In 338 infants, the patients were classified according to the diagnosis as “severe” (Group I) of 248 and “benign” (Group II) of 90 as shown in the table below: Because the infant’s central nervous system intestine Road infections often have sequelae, so cases of neonatal meningitis are included in group I. Some syndromes, such as pneumonia and gastroenteritis, may sometimes be severe, but in group II. Severe systemic disease includes a variety of signs and not enough diagnostic conditions