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为了研究深基坑桩锚支护结构中锚杆的内力与变形的影响因素,采用理论推导、现场试验与数值模拟相对比的方法。运用半无限边界上一点作用垂直力的布辛涅斯克(Boussinesq)问题的位移解,推导出锚杆锚固段的轴力分布的公式。运用有限差分法,采用岩土软件FLAC3D建立深基坑桩锚支护结构的仿真模型,并对支护结构中锚杆的内力与变形进行数值模拟。分析结果表明:理论计算、现场试验与数值模拟得到的结果基本吻合,表明由布辛涅斯克问题推导出锚杆锚固段轴力分布函数是正确的,为锚杆的计算提供了一种理论依据;用FLAC3D数值模拟深基坑支护结构中锚杆的内力与变形是可行的。在锚杆的张拉过程中,锚杆在自由段的轴力和变形量最大,从锚固段开始,锚杆的轴力和变形量逐渐减小,最后趋于零。
In order to study the factors that affect the internal force and deformation of anchor rod in the deep foundation pit pile and anchor supporting structure, the theoretical derivation, the method of field test and numerical simulation are compared. Using the displacement solution of the Boussinesq problem with a vertical force acting on the semi-infinite boundary, the formula of the axial force distribution in the anchorage section of the bolt is deduced. The finite element method is used to simulate the pile-anchor supporting structure of deep foundation pit with geotechnical software FLAC3D. The internal force and deformation of the anchor are numerically simulated. The analysis results show that the theoretical calculation and field test are in good agreement with the numerical results. It is concluded that the axial force distribution function of bolt anchorage section is derived from the Bucanestik problem and provides a theoretical basis for the calculation of anchor rod. FLAC3D numerical simulation of deep foundation pit supporting structure of the internal force and deformation is feasible. During the tensioning of the anchor, the axial force and deformation of the anchor in the free section are the largest. Starting from the anchorage section, the axial force and deformation of the anchor gradually decrease and finally converge to zero.