论文部分内容阅读
一 前 留 宁夏自1951年开始引进苹果以来,便相继发生了幼树越冬死亡问题(1—8年生幼树枝条抽干)。据我们1957年调查,在全区仅有的八个苹果园中,都存在严重的越冬死亡现象。如在永宁王太堡农场、中宁县园艺场和灵武园艺场的调查,越冬死亡率达到50—71％,又在灵武农场、银川市造林站、灵武林场和银川市干部休养所调查的1,276株苹果中,则几乎全部死亡;在小气候条件较优越的银川中山公园所调查的266株苹果中,越冬死亡率亦达26.6％。在这些死亡的苹果幼树中,有不少是6—7年生,且抽干部位一般均达主干附近,即使定植了八年的树,如果管理不当,也不免遭到越冬死亡。因此,幼龄苹果树的越冬死亡问题,已成为我区发展苹果的严重障碍。为此,我们于1956年正式开始进行研究工作,并获得了一些结果。通过1961—1963年的生产鉴定,在 120亩苹果园中3—5年生的幼树,连续三年几乎全部安全越冬;新垦沙地的3,005株幼树,在1963年冬的安全越冬率也达到99.4％。实践证明了本试验所提出的安全越冬综合措施,是切实可行的、有效的。越冬问题的解决,有力地促进了我区苹果栽培事业的迅速发展。
One of the first to keep Ningxia since 1951, the introduction of apples, the succession of young trees overwintering death (1-8 year-old young shoots drained). According to our survey in 1957, there were serious overwintering deaths in the only eight apple orchards in the region. For example, in Yongning Wangtaobao Farm, Zhongning Horticultural Field and Lingwu Horticultural Field, the overwintering mortality rate reached 50-71% and was investigated in Lingwu Farm, Yinchuan Afforestation Station, Lingwu Forest Farm and Yinchuan Cadre Resting Place Of the 1,276 apples, almost all died; of the 266 apples surveyed in Yinchuan Zhongshan Park, where microclimate conditions are superior, the overwintering mortality rate also reached 26.6%. Many of these dying apple trees are 6-7 years old and the drained parts are generally near the trunk. Even if the tree was planted for eight years, it would not be able to withstand overwintering if not properly managed. Therefore, the problem of overwintering death of young apple trees has become a serious obstacle to the development of apples in our region. For this reason, we formally started the research work in 1956 and got some results. Through the 1961-1963 production appraisal, saplings aged 3-5 years in 120 mu of apple orchard almost all survived for three years in succession. The safety of 3,005 saplings in newly reclaimed sandy land in winter of 1963 Reached 99.4%. Practice has proved that this test proposed a safe winter comprehensive measures, is feasible and effective. Overwintering problem solving, effectively promoted the rapid development of apple cultivation in our area.