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中国古代的天人关系说有两大类型:一是强调“天人合一”说,一是强调“天人相分”说。天人合一偏重的是天与人、自然与人为、自然界与人类社会的相统一,天人相分则反之。而天人合一思想最早由张载提出,他首先从唯物主义的角度出发论证气一元论,进而有区分了天地与气质之性,最后讲到天人合一思想,贯通人性与天性,建立了民胞物与的和谐社会思想体系。
There are two major types of heaven-human relations in ancient China. First, we emphasize that “harmony between heaven and man” means that “one emphasizes” the distinction between heaven and man ". The unity of man and nature emphasizes the unity of heaven and man, nature and man, nature and human society, while the distinction between man and nature is the other way around. The ideology of harmony between man and nature was first proposed by Zhang Zai. He first demonstrated the theory of gas monism from the materialist point of view, and then distinguished the nature of heaven and earth. Finally, he talked about the idea of unity between man and nature, and established humanity and nature The System of Harmonious Society between People and Things.