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目的了解河南省1~4岁儿童乙型肝炎(乙肝)表面抗原(HBsAg)携带率,评价乙肝免疫效果。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,按照经济水平和城乡两个因素进行抽样,对调查对象进行问卷调查和采集3ml血样,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测HBsAg、乙肝核心抗体(HBc Ab)、乙肝e抗体(HBe Ab)和乙肝e抗原(HBeAg),分析疫苗的保护效果。结果共调查1~4岁儿童5 474人,HBsAg携带率为0.45%,HBc Ab阳性率为2.23%。在HBsAg阳性的儿童中,34.6%(9/26)的调查对象HBeAg为阳性,46.2%(12/26)的调查对象HBe Ab为阳性。结论实施免疫规划以来,河南省5岁以下儿童的HBsAg携带率已经下降到0.5%以下,实现了世界卫生组织提出的西太地区5岁以下儿童2017年HBsAg携带率低于1%的目标。
Objective To understand the carrier rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in children aged 1 ~ 4 in Henan Province and evaluate the effect of hepatitis B immunity. Methods A multistage random sampling method was used to carry out sampling according to economic level and urban-rural factors. Questionnaires were collected and 3ml blood samples were collected. HBsAg, HBcAb were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) , Hepatitis B e antibody (HBe Ab) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), analysis of vaccine protective effect. Results A total of 5 474 children aged 1-4 years were enrolled. The carrying rate of HBsAg was 0.45% and the positive rate of HBc Ab was 2.23%. Among HBsAg-positive children, 34.6% (9/26) of the respondents were positive for HBeAg and 46.2% (12/26) of the respondents were positive for HBe Ab. Conclusion Since the immunization program was implemented, the HBsAg carrier rate of children under 5 years of age in Henan Province has dropped below 0.5%, achieving the target of less than 1% of HBsAg carrier rate in 2017 in Western Pacific children under the age of 5 proposed by the World Health Organization.