目的分析垃圾焚烧发电厂周边儿童体内二噁英负荷水平、分布特征和人群二噁英外暴露水平。方法设距垃圾焚烧发电厂1km S镇为污染点,200km外的L镇为对照点,采集S镇90名及L镇60名10～11岁儿童外周静脉血,另采集两地土壤、鲫鱼和鸡蛋各3份,检测样本中二噁英浓度及计算毒性当量(TEQ)并分析对比。结果污染点儿童血中二噁英浓度与TEQ均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);鸡蛋和鲫鱼中二噁英浓度与TEQ、土壤中二噁英浓度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两地样本的二噁英单体分布类似,其中单体浓度最高的为八氯代二苯并二噁英(OCDD),TEQ贡献最高的为2,3,4,7,8-五氯代二苯并呋喃(2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF)。结论垃圾焚烧发电厂周边土壤中二噁英浓度增高,当地儿童噁恶英外暴露和内负荷水平均显著增高。 Objective To analyze the level of dioxin load, distribution characteristics and the level of external exposure to dioxin in children around garbage incineration power plant. Methods A total of 1 km S town from the waste incineration power plant was used as pollution point and L town 200 km away as control point. Peripheral venous blood was collected from 90 children in S town and 60 children aged 10 to 11 in L town. 3 eggs each, detect the concentration of dioxins in the sample and calculate the TEQ and analyze the contrast. Results The levels of dioxins and TEQ in the blood of children were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). The concentrations of dioxins and TEQ in the eggs and crucian carp were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The two samples showed similar distributions of dioxins, with the highest monomer concentrations being octachlorodibenzodioxin (OCDD) and the highest TEQ contribution being 2,3,4,7,8-pentachloro Dibenzofuran (2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF). CONCLUSION Dioxin concentration in the soil around waste incineration power plants is increased, and the local children’s evil external exposure and internal load levels are significantly increased.