食管癌是我国发病率较高的恶性肿瘤之一,胸内吻合口瘘是食管癌手术后最严重的并发症之一,为胸心外科治疗起来相当困难的一种疾病,胸内食管瘘较颈部更为复杂,本病严重影响患者呼吸消化功能,可导致多种并发症,病情易反复,治疗时间长,病死率较高。国内文献报道发生率为1.8%~5.2%[1 Esophageal cancer is one of the malignant tumors with a high incidence in China. Anastomotic leakage is one of the most serious complication after esophageal cancer surgery. It is a very difficult disease to be treated in thoracic and cardiac surgery. Esophageal fistula The neck is more complex, the disease seriously affect the patient’s respiratory digestive function, can lead to a variety of complications, the condition is easy to repeat, the treatment of a long time, high mortality. The domestic literature reported the incidence of 1.8% to 5.2% [1