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目的探讨如何减少农村地区中老年吸烟人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发病率。方法对浙江省江山市贺村中心卫生院辖区内的农村中老年吸烟人群进行慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病情况调查和分析。结果农村地区吸烟的中老年人慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病率明显高于不吸烟的人群,且差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.08,P<0.01);男性、年龄≥60岁、经常饮酒、吸旱烟、每年吸烟的根数≥500支、有呼吸系统疾病的家族史、有呼吸系统疾病的个人史、经常下厨和存在有害气体或粉尘接触史的农村中老年吸烟人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病率较高,且差异有统计学意义(χ2值依次为16.94、21.62、32.13、34.07、26.76、21.70、37.89、20.13和32.24,P<0.01)。结论基层卫生工作者应针对相关发病因素,积极向农村中老年吸烟人群进行戒烟、控酒的宣传教育工作,努力减少吸烟人数,控制吸烟量,倡导健康的生活卫生习惯,最终减少农村地区吸烟人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发病率。
Objective To explore ways to reduce the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among middle-aged and elderly smokers in rural areas. Methods To investigate and analyze the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among rural middle-aged and elderly smokers in Hecun Central Hospital, Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province. Results The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among middle-aged and elderly people smoking in rural areas was significantly higher than that of non-smokers (χ2 = 19.08, P <0.01); men, aged ≥60 years old, had regular drinking , Smoking cigarettes, the number of smoking cigarettes per year ≥ 500, family history of respiratory diseases, personal history of respiratory diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural middle-aged and elderly people who regularly cook and have exposure to harmful gases or dusts The prevalence of disease was high, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 values were 16.94,21.62,32.13,34.07,26.76,21.70,37.89,20.13 and 32.24, P <0.01). Conclusions Primary health workers should actively promote smoking cessation and alcohol control among middle-aged and elderly rural residents according to the relevant risk factors, try their best to reduce the number of smokers, control the amount of smokers, advocate healthy living habits, and ultimately reduce the number of smokers in rural areas The incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.