一、前言在水利水电工程建设中,为确实了解、深入研究建筑物的实际应用状况,原型观测被认为是最真实的行之有效的手段,受到国内外的普遍重视。我国已建成的大中型水利水电工程,一般都埋设或安装了数百支乃至数千支观测仪器,用来测量各种物理量(包括应力、应变、渗压、土压、裂缝、温度等),主要使用的是差动电阻式遥测仪器,这种仪器在铁道、矿山、交通、建筑、国防等部门及室内试验工作中,也得到了较广泛的应用。以往由于采用人工计算大量数据非常费工费时,以至不少宝贵的第一性资料不能及时整理,甚至长期积压,得不到进一步的分析和利用。 I. Preface In the construction of water resources and hydropower projects, in order to really understand and study the actual application of buildings, prototype observation is considered to be the most effective and effective measure, which is widely valued both at home and abroad. Large and medium-sized hydropower projects that have been built in our country generally have hundreds or even hundreds of observation instruments buried or installed to measure various physical quantities (including stress, strain, seepage pressure, earth pressure, cracks, temperature, etc.) The main use of the differential resistance telemetry equipment, such instruments in the railway, mining, transportation, construction, defense and other laboratory and laboratory work, but also has been more widely used. In the past, it was very time-consuming and labor-intensive to calculate large amounts of data manually. As a result, many valuable first-rate information could not be sorted in time or even backdated in the long run. Therefore, no further analysis and utilization were possible.