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目的研究退休煤工尘肺患者肺通气功能损害及其变化规律。方法对某矿36名退休煤工人分别于2005年和2010年进行通气功能测定和高仟伏胸片拍摄。结果动态分析结果显示煤矿退休工人吸烟人数百分比由2005年25%增加到2010年66.67%,2010年用力肺活量(FVC)和第1秒时间肺活量(FEV1)平均值均和占预计值百分比与2005年相比差异无统计学意义,而2010年反应小气道功能的指标FEF50和FEF75平均值和占预计值百分比与2005年相比均有统计学意义。肺功能障碍以Ⅱ期煤工尘肺肺功能损伤明显,2010年与2005年比大气道功能障碍人数没有增加,小气道功能损伤增加7例。结论 5年期间,退休煤矿工人小气道功能明显降低,认为其小气道功能损伤是粉尘、吸烟和年龄多重因素作用的结果,小气道功能检查对评价退休煤矿工人的呼吸功能很重要。
Objective To study the lung function impairment and its changing rule in retired coal workers with pneumoconiosis. Methods Thirty-six retired coal workers in a mine were tested for ventilation function and high-resolution chest radiography in 2005 and 2010, respectively. Results The results of dynamic analysis showed that the percentage of retired smokers in coal mines increased from 25% in 2005 to 66.67% in 2010, and the average of FVC and FEV1 in 2010 was the same as the percentage of expected value in 2005 Compared with the difference was not statistically significant, and in 2010 the indicators of small airway function FEF50 and FEF75 average and the percentage of predicted value compared with 2005 were statistically significant. Pulmonary dysfunction in stage Ⅱ pneumoconiosis pneumoconiosis was significantly damaged in 2010 and 2005 than the number of airway dysfunction did not increase the number of small airway injury increased by 7 cases. CONCLUSIONS: During five years, the function of small airway of retired coal miners was significantly reduced. It is considered that small airway injury is the result of multiple factors such as dust, smoking and age. Small airway function test is very important for evaluating the respiratory function of retired coal miners.