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本文从个体解剖学角度,研究了青海高原型耗牛的头部骨骼的外部形态结构的特征;同时从比较解剖学角度,研究了青海环湖型牦牛、白牦牛、黄牛在头部骨骼外形结构方面与高原型牦牛的若干差异。研究的结果表明:(1)青海高原型牦牛的头骨外形结构与黄牛、环湖型牦牛、白牦牛有极明显的差异,具有独立的品种特性;(2)环湖型牦牛和白牦牛头骨的外形结构绝大部分与高原型牦牛相近,某些部分又与本地区黄牛相近,从而提示了它们与高原型牦牛和黄牛都有一定的血缘关系。本文在牦牛品种类型鉴定、本品种选育、杂交改良及疫病防治等方面有相当的参考价值。鉴于国内外目前尚无这方面的报导,本文在一定程度上起到了填补此项空白的作用。中国是世界上牦牛最多的国家,青海又是中国牦牛最多的省份。青海牦牛在本省农牧业生产中占有相当重要的地位。
In this paper, from the perspective of individual anatomy, the characteristics of the external morphological structure of the head bones of the consuming cattle in Qinghai Plateau were studied. At the same time, from the perspective of comparative anatomy, the structures of the skeletons of the head bones of the Qinghai Lake-type yaks, white yaks and cattle Aspects and the differences of plateau yak. The results show that: (1) The skull shape structure of Qinghai plateau yak differs significantly from that of cattle, lake-type yaks and white yaks and has independent variety characteristics; (2) Most of the shape and structure are similar to plateau yaks, and some parts are similar to the yellow cattle in the region, suggesting that they have certain blood relationship with plateau yaks and cattle. In this paper, yak breed type identification, breeding of this variety, hybridization improvement and disease prevention and control and other aspects of considerable reference value. In view of the fact that there is no report in this area at home and abroad, this article to a certain extent has played a role in filling this gap. China is the country with the largest number of yaks in the world. Qinghai is also the province with the largest number of yaks in China. Qinghai yak occupies a very important position in the production of agriculture and animal husbandry in this province.