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解剖了九个按不同冶炼铸锭工艺方法生产的高碳铬轴承钢锭,通过宏观观察、化学分析以及非金属夹杂物和碳化物的测定,得到了化学成分和气体含量在锭中的分布、非金属夹杂物和碳化物的类型、含量和分布以及枝晶间化学成分的偏析。从而得出经电渣炉重熔用水冷结晶器铸锭方法生产的钢锭,优于用一般铸锭法的钢锭;小型锭或扁型锭比大型锭或方型锭为好;采用高温扩散退火处理对改善钢锭的铸态组织有显著效果;而真空冶炼铸锭工艺则是提高轴承钢锭质量的又一有效途径。
Nine high carbon chromium bearing ingots produced by different smelting ingot processes were dissected. The distribution of chemical composition and gas content in ingots was obtained by macro observation, chemical analysis and determination of non-metallic inclusions and carbides. Metal inclusions and types, contents and distribution of carbides, and segregation of chemical components between dendrites. The results showed that the steel ingot produced by remelting electroslag furnace with water-cooled mold ingot was better than the steel ingot with ordinary ingot method; the small ingot or flat ingot was better than the large ingot or square ingot; The treatment has a significant effect on improving the as-cast microstructure of the ingot; and the vacuum smelting ingot process is another effective way to improve the quality of the bearing ingot.