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为进一步明确磷素对花生生理特性及生育效应,采用水培与砂培试验相结合,研究了磷对花生不同生育时期植株碳、氮含量、碳氮比及生长发育的影响。结果表明:(1)水培条件下,磷胁迫处理降低了花生幼苗叶片净光合速率及各器官(根、茎、叶)蛋白质含量,增加了各器官可溶性糖、淀粉含量;抑制了幼苗生长发育,根茎叶干物质重分别降低4.2%、10.9%和9.7%。(2)砂培条件下,花生结荚期叶片净光合速率、碳含量、氮含量及碳氮比均随施磷量的增加而增加,施磷30~90kg/hm2范围内,上述4项指标较不施磷对照分别增加21.2%~34.2%、23.9%~42.1%、13.9%~22.3%和8.9%~17.0%;饱果期,花生叶片碳含量及碳氮比均随施磷量的增加呈先增后减的趋势,对叶片光合作用和氮含量影响较小;荚果产量随施磷量的增加而增加,施磷处理较对照增产11.3%~23.5%。因此,合理施磷能够有效调控花生植株碳氮代谢,进而促进生长发育及产量形成。
In order to further clarify the physiological characteristics of peanut and the effects of fertility on the growth of peanut, the effects of phosphorus on the carbon and nitrogen contents, C / N ratio and growth and development of peanut at different growth stages were studied using hydroponics and sand culture. The results showed that: (1) Under hydroponic conditions, P treatment reduced the net photosynthetic rate and the protein content of various organs (roots, stems and leaves) of peanut seedlings, increased the contents of soluble sugar and starch, and inhibited the growth and development of seedlings , Dry matter weight of roots and leaves decreased by 4.2%, 10.9% and 9.7% respectively. (2) The net photosynthetic rate, carbon content, nitrogen content and C / N ratio of peanut during podding stage increased with the increase of phosphorus application rate under sand culture condition. Within the range of 30-90kg / hm2 phosphorus application, the above four indexes Compared with the control, the phosphorus content increased by 21.2% -34.2%, 23.9% -42.1%, 13.9% -22.3% and 8.9% -17.0%, respectively. In the full-fruit stage, the leaf carbon content and C / Showed a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing, which had little effect on photosynthesis and nitrogen content of leaves; the yield of pod increased with the increase of phosphorus application, and the yield of phosphorus increased 11.3% ~ 23.5% compared with the control. Therefore, the rational application of phosphorus can effectively control the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of peanut plants, thereby promoting the growth and yield formation.