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以天然玄武岩为甲烷裂解催化剂,通过XRF、XRD、SEM及XPS对催化剂组成、结构、表面活性物种进行了研究。利用固定床反应装置考察了不同反应温度、空速条件下玄武岩催化甲烷裂解制C_2烃的效果。结果表明,在气体空速为4 L·h-1条件下,当反应温度为1 225 K时,甲烷的转化率为7.66%,C_2烃的选择性为33.64%;当反应温度升至1 325 K时,甲烷的转化率可达17.13%,同时C_2烃的选择性为27.21%。相同温度下,气体空速越大,乙烷的选择性越高,乙炔的选择性越低。催化剂活性因表面积炭的产生而降低,积炭类型为芳烃积炭。
Using natural basalt as methane cracking catalyst, the composition, structure and surface active species of catalyst were studied by XRF, XRD, SEM and XPS. The effects of methane cracking on C_2 hydrocarbons catalyzed by basalt under different reaction temperatures and space velocities were investigated by a fixed bed reactor. The results showed that the methane conversion was 7.66% and the selectivity for C_2 hydrocarbon was 33.64% when the gas space velocity was 4 L · h-1, and the reaction temperature was 1 225 K K, methane conversion rate of up to 17.13%, while C_2 hydrocarbon selectivity of 27.21%. At the same temperature, the greater the space velocity of the gas, the higher the selectivity of ethane, the lower the selectivity of acetylene. The catalyst activity decreased due to the surface carbon deposition, the carbon deposition type is aromatics carbon deposition.