被视为是反实证主义巨擘的韦伯,其科层制理论也带有明显的实证主义特征。科层制理论这种内在矛盾性是由韦伯所处的时代为实证主义时代,以及他对作为其思想来源的新康德主义所主张的在历史领域中人类行为无规律可循的观点存在不满所决定的。为了使科层制理论像自然科学一样具有揭示现象间的因果关系的可预计性功能,韦伯从实证主义中吸取了价值中立、因果关系等要素,从而不可避免地使科层制理论呈现出“暗含的实证主义”特征。 Weber, regarded as an anti-positivist, also has obvious positivist features in his hierarchy theory. The inherent paradox of bureaucratic theory is that the era in which Weber lived was a time of positivism and his dissatisfaction with the unmanaged view of human behavior in history as advocated by neo-Kantianism as its source of ideas decided. In order to make the bureaucratic theory have the predictable function of revealing the causal relationship between phenomena like natural science, Weber draws from the positivism the elements of value neutrality, causation and so on, which inevitably makes the bureaucratic theory show Implied Positivism Features.