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目的分析医院感染联网监测期间71所医院上报的医院感染病例的感染部位、病原菌和相关危险因素分布情况。方法利用医院感染监测网络信息平台对实时上报的医院感染病例进行审核分析。结果 2014年3月1日-12月31日期间,71所医院报告13 413名患者发生医院感染15 824例次,其中居前五位的医院感染诊断为下呼吸道感染(42.40%)、上呼吸道感染(16.44%)、泌尿系统感染(16.01%)、血液系统感染(8.67%)和手术部位感染(6.34%)。报告检出医院感染病原体12 869株,居前五位的分别是铜绿假单胞菌(13.10%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(12.61%)、大肠埃希菌(12.54%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(11.49%)和金黄色葡萄球菌(7.69%)。留置导尿、动静脉插管、胃管鼻饲、手术和使用呼吸机是患者接受相关治疗因素的前五位。结论联网监测实时上报的医院感染病例的基本特征与我国其他医院感染监测网的监测数据基本吻合,能够反映参与医院的主要医院感染病例特征,说明利用信息技术手段以实时自动推送形式进行医院感染病例监测是准确可行的。
Objective To analyze the distribution of infectious sites, pathogenic bacteria and related risk factors in nosocomial infections reported by 71 hospitals during the hospital infection surveillance. Methods The nosocomial infection monitoring network information platform was used to examine the real-time reported cases of nosocomial infections. Results From March 1 to December 31, 2014, 71 hospitals reported 15 824 hospital-based infections among 13 413 patients. Among them, the top five hospital-based infections were diagnosed as lower respiratory tract infection (42.40%), upper respiratory tract (16.44%), urinary tract infection (16.01%), hematological infection (8.67%) and surgical site infection (6.34%). The report identified 12 869 hospital-acquired pathogens, the top five were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.10%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.61%), Escherichia coli (12.54%), Bacillus (11.49%) and Staphylococcus aureus (7.69%). Indwelling catheterization, arteriovenous intubation, nasogastric tube feeding, surgery and the use of ventilator are the top five patients receiving treatment-related factors. Conclusion The basic characteristics of real-time reporting of nosocomial infections by network monitoring are in good agreement with the monitoring data of other nosocomial infection monitoring networks in our country, which can reflect the characteristics of the major nosocomial infections in hospitals and the use of information technology to transmit nosocomial infections in real time Monitoring is accurate and feasible.