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目的：探讨卵巢切除雌激素缺乏时鼠及异常应力鼠不同部位骨密度的变化规律。材料与方法：３个月龄ＳＤ雌性大鼠６４只，双侧卵巢切除（ＯＶＸ）及行假手术（Ｓｈａｍ－Ｏ）；于术后第１、３、５、７个月各处死８只动物，切取Ｌ１～Ｌ２椎体节段、股骨及胫骨，进行ＢＭＤ（骨矿密度）检测；新生２４～７２小时雌性ＳＤ鼠４８只，建立双后肢大鼠模型，椎体、股骨及胫骨均承受较高的应力。３月龄时再同法分组，术后第２、５、７个月时分别处死动物取上述部位进行ＢＭＤ检测。结果：ＯＶＸ后第１个月椎体ＢＭＤ明显骨丢失（Ｐ＜０．０１），股骨丢失较为缓慢，７个月时方呈现差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。松质骨区丢失时间提前（Ｐ＜０．０５）。胫骨１个月ＢＭＤ即有差异性（Ｐ＜０．０５），松质骨区则呈持续丢失。结论：鼠ＯＶＸ后ＢＭＤ的丢失速度为腰椎＞胫骨＞股骨；腰椎体＞胫骨上段＞股骨上段。双后肢大鼠组亦呈现同样变化，但腰椎、股骨及胫骨上的应力增加，ＢＭＤ的丢失较缓慢。
Objective: To investigate the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) in different parts of ovariectomized estrogen-deficient mice and abnormal stress rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty female SD rats of 3 months old, ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated (OVX) were performed. Eight animals were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th months , L1 ~ L2 vertebral body segments, femur and tibia were cut for BMD (bone mineral density) test. 48 newborn SD rats were exposed to 24 ~ 72 hours. High stress. At the age of 3 months, they were divided into groups according to the same method. At the 2nd, 5th, and 7th months after operation, the animals were sacrificed and the above sites were taken for BMD test. Results: At 1 month after OVX, the BMD of vertebral body was significantly decreased (P <0.01), and the loss of femur was relatively slow, with a difference of 7 months (P <0.05). Loss of cancellous bone area was earlier (P <0.05). The BMD of the tibia was different at 1 month (P <0.05), and the cancellous bone area was continuously lost. CONCLUSION: The loss rate of BMD after OVX is lumbar spine> tibia> femur; lumbar spine> upper tibia> upper femur. The hindlimb rat group also showed the same changes, but the lumbar spine, femur and tibia increased stress, BMD loss more slowly.