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目的:调查急性白血病患者接受人类白细胞抗原(HLA)半相合造血干细胞移植的感知和体验。方法:采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,于2016年2-12月对8例急性白血病行HLA半相合造血干细胞移植的患者进行半结构式访谈,根据Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行整理分析。结果 :急性白血病患者接受HLA半相合造血干细胞移植的感知和体验可归纳为移植前对获得新生的强烈希望、移植中遭受巨大的身心痛苦、移植后出现两种不同的心理变化、承担沉重经济负担所带来的心理压力4个主题。结论 :急性白血病患者在HLA半相合造血干细胞移植不同阶段会发生不同的、复杂的感知和体验,医护人员应了解并重视患者的心理体验,帮助其应对心理问题,构建完整的护理体系,保证移植过程的顺利进行,提高移植患者的生活质量。
Objective: To investigate the perception and experience of patients with acute leukemia receiving human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: According to the phenomenological method of qualitative research, we conducted a semi-structured interviews with 8 patients with acute leukemia in HLA haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from January to December in 2016. The data were analyzed according to Colaizzi 7-step analysis . Results: The perception and experience of HLA haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with acute leukemia can be summed up as a strong hope for newborn before transplantation. They suffered great mental and physical suffering during transplantation. Two different psychological changes occurred after transplantation, which imposes a heavy financial burden The psychological stress brought by 4 themes. Conclusion: Patients with acute leukemia have different and complex perceptions and experiences during different stages of HLA haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Medical staff should understand and value the psychological experience of patients, help them to deal with psychological problems, construct a complete nursing system and ensure the transplantation The smooth progress of the process to improve the quality of life of patients with transplants.