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在电场作用下,能促进或抑制在电极-溶液(或熔相)界面上进行的电子转移化学反应,而电极本身并不改变的那类化学作用称为电催化作用.电催化作用中的电极除了一般地传递电子之外,还能对反应底物进行活化或促进电子的转移速度,或二者兼有.例如,过去曾把氢释出反应2H~++2e→H_2,按照过电位的大小,区分为一类是高过电位的(Hg、Pb、Ca……);另一类为低过电位的(Au、Ni、Pt……).究其实质是因为不同电极材料,影响到氢释出反应的机制,从而导致过电位有较大范围的变动.这说明了电极除了传送电子的功能之外,还能对电化学反应进行某种促进与选择,这就是电催化作用的实质所在.
Under the action of an electric field, it can promote or inhibit the electron transfer chemical reaction at the electrode-solution (or melt phase) interface, and the kind of chemical effect that the electrode itself does not change is called electrocatalysis. In addition to the general transfer of electrons, but also on the reaction substrate activation or promote electron transfer rate, or a combination of both For example, in the past had hydrogen release reaction 2H ~ + + 2e → H_2, according to the overpotential The size of which is divided into a class of high overpotential (Hg, Pb, Ca ...); the other is low overpotential (Au, Ni, Pt ...) .The essence is because of different electrode materials, Hydrogen release reaction mechanism, resulting in a wide range of overpotential changes.This shows that the electrode in addition to the function of transmitting electrons, but also some of the electrochemical reaction to promote and choose, which is the essence of electrocatalysis Where you are.