光子探测器的工作原理与热探测器不同。在光子探测器中,所接收的辐射(光子)引起探测器中电子运动状态发生改变,这个过程比物体的热效应快得多,此时入射的光子要有足够的能量和适当的频率,才能产生光电效应。通常,光子探测器都有一个长波限。光子探测器可以分为三大类:光电离室、光电发射器件和固态探测器。前两类的工作都基于外光电效应,故又统称为外 Photon detectors work differently from heat detectors. In photon detectors, the received radiation (photons) causes the state of motion of the electrons in the detector to change. This process is much faster than the thermal effect of the object, and the incident photons have sufficient energy and the appropriate frequency to produce Photoelectric effect. In general, photon detectors have a long wave limit. Photon detectors can be divided into three categories: photoionization chambers, photoemissive devices and solid state detectors. The first two types of work are based on the external photoelectric effect, it is also collectively referred to as the outside