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本文研究了近场情况下的波束形成问题。对于任意结构阵列,提出了实现近场波束形成的一种约束最小平方和法,由近场信号模型来设计近场波束。该方法在对波束旁瓣施加约束的条件下,使波束主瓣的误差平方和最小,可借助于优化工具箱实现。该方法在主瓣区域和旁瓣区域都能得到满足设计要求的波束性能,不仅可以方便地控制期望响应,而且简单易行。基于32元均匀离散圆阵的仿真设计结果表明了本文方法的有效性。
This paper investigates the beamforming problem in the near field. For any structure array, a constrained least squares method to realize near-field beamforming is proposed, and the near-field beam is designed from the near-field signal model. This method minimizes the square error of the main beam of the beam under the constraint of the beam sidelobe, which can be achieved by means of an optimization toolbox. This method can get the beam performance that meets the design requirements both in the mainlobe and in the sidelobe, which not only can control the desired response easily, but also is simple and easy to implement. The simulation results based on a 32-unit uniform circular array show the effectiveness of the proposed method.