论文部分内容阅读
目的分析甘肃省及河西走廊地区乙型脑炎(乙脑)疫区变迁趋势,探讨甘肃省乙脑重点防控区及河西走廊地区乙脑疫情特征。方法利用甘肃省疾病预防控制中心1958—2010年疫情资料和法定传染病报告系统资料,运用描述流行病学方法和局部地区调查,分析1980年开始使用乙脑疫苗前后甘肃省乙脑发病率和疫区地理分布变化及河西走廊地区乙脑疫情。结果 1958—1980年,甘肃省乙脑年均发病率为0.65/10万;1980年开始推广使用乙脑疫苗,到2010年,发病降至0.13/10万,未出现乙脑较大流行;发病率较高的县(市、区)分布于甘肃省陇南市、天水市和平凉市,发病趋势与全省平均发病趋势基本一致,是甘肃省乙脑防控的重点地区;1958—1980年,河西走廊累计报告乙脑病例88例,年均发病率为0.13/10万,1981年以来,仅张掖市甘州区报告1例非本地发病乙脑病例;2011年8月调查河西走廊地区7个县(区、市)县级以上医院的住院病例,共发现疑似脑炎病例587例。结论甘肃省在使用乙脑疫苗后,乙脑发病水平明显降低,东南部地区是甘肃省乙脑重点防控区,河西走廊是否存在乙脑病例尚需进一步调查并进行全面监测。
Objective To analyze the epidemic trend of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in Gansu Province and Hexi Corridor, and to explore the epidemiological characteristics of JE in key prevention and control areas of JE in Gansu Province and Hexi Corridor. Methods Using epidemiological data and legal notifiable infectious diseases reporting system data of Gansu CDC from 1958 to 2010, the epidemiological method and local area survey were used to analyze the incidence and epidemic situation of Japanese encephalitis in Gansu Province before and after the use of JE vaccine in 1980 Geographical distribution of changes and Hexi Corridor area JE epidemic. Results The annual average incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Gansu was 0.65 / 100,000 between 1958-1980. Since JE vaccine was introduced in 1980, the incidence of Japanese encephalitis decreased to 0.13 / 100,000 in the year of 2010. The incidence of Japanese encephalitis did not appear. The counties (cities and districts) with higher rates were located in Longnan, Tianshui and Pingliang, Gansu Province. The trend of incidence was basically the same with the average incidence of the province, and was the key area of prevention and control of Encephalitis in Gansu Province. From 1958 to 1980, Hexi Corridor cumulative report 88 cases of Japanese encephalitis cases, the average annual incidence rate of 0.13 / 100000 since 1981, only one case of non-local incidence of JE reported in Ganzhou District, Zhangye City; August 2011 survey Hexi Corridor area 7 587 cases of suspected encephalitis were found in the inpatients of counties (districts and cities) above the county level. Conclusion The incidence of Japanese encephalitis decreased significantly after the JE vaccine was administered in Gansu Province. The southeastern region was the key prevention and control area for JE in Gansu Province. Whether JE exists in Hexi Corridor still need to be further investigated and monitored.