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研究了空心莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides在土壤中含高浓度锰(简称高锰)胁迫下的生长特性及对草甘膦的耐性。空心莲子草在锰添加量为8~128mg/kg的土壤中培养20d后,分枝数比对照(4.43个/株)增加了22.57%~48.31%,主茎长度比对照(23.85cm)增长了16.60%~19.87%,地下根茎数比对照(1.54个/株)增加29.87%~47.40%,全株干重比对照(0.23g)增加22.45%~27.00%;植株叶面积在锰添加量为32~128mg/kg范围内也显著高于对照(增加10.53%~11.10%)。用草甘膦(有效成分按草甘膦酸计)68、102和136g/hm2分别进行茎叶处理后21d,锰添加量为128mg/kg的处理,鲜重抑制率分别比不添加锰处理组下降27.39%、24.57%和30.06%。结果表明,土壤高锰条件下空心莲子草的生长和繁殖能力增强,这可能是土壤酸化背景下空心莲子草蔓延加剧的重要原因。土壤高锰条件下生长的空心莲子草对草甘膦的耐性显著增强,使得该杂草的防控形势更为严峻。
The growth characteristics and tolerance to glyphosate of Alternanthera philoxeroides in soil were studied under the stress of high concentrations of manganese (referred to as high manganese). Alternanthera philoxeroides increased the number of branches by 22.57% -48.31% compared with that of the control (4.43 plants / plant) after 20 days of cultivation and the main stem length increased by 23.85 cm compared with the control (23.85 cm) 16.60% -19.87%, the root rhizome increased by 29.87% -47.4% compared with the control (1.54 plants / plant) and the dry weight of whole plant increased by 22.45% -27.00% compared with the control (0.23g) ~ 128mg / kg was also significantly higher than the control (an increase of 10.53% ~ 11.10%). The treatment with glyphosate (the active ingredient was glyphosate-based acid) at 68, 102 and 136g / hm2 respectively for 21 days after stem and leaf treatment and the addition of manganese was 128mg / kg, Decreased by 27.39%, 24.57% and 30.06% respectively. The results showed that the growth and reproduction ability of Alternanthera philoxeroides increased under high manganese soil conditions, which may be an important reason for the aggravation of Alternanthera philoxeroides under soil acidification. The growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides under the conditions of high-manganese soils significantly enhanced the tolerance to glyphosate, making the weed control and prevention more severe.