岩石圈大致是一分层系统。压力、温度和组成一般都强烈依赖于深度,而在横向上几乎不变。这些参数对地壳及上地幔中岩石应力的影响甚大,使得岩石圈-软流圈系统中的地震响应、流变性及运动学等许多性质都具有成层特征。在较小规模内岩性也经常是水平分层的并在测定岩石强度上起重要作用。孔隙压力对岩石强度也有重要影响。高孔隙压力能降低岩石强度,防止流体逃溢的不渗透层内孔隙压力往往很高。因此,预期孔隙压力还影响各地层或构造层的强度。在更小的尺度上,从表层到几百米范围内,风化和生物化学作用也造成强 The lithosphere is roughly a system of layers. Pressure, temperature and composition are generally strongly dependent on depth, but almost unchanged in the lateral direction. These parameters have a great influence on the rock stress in the crust and the upper mantle so that many properties of the lithosphere-asthenosphere system such as seismic response, rheology and kinematics have stratigraphic features. Lithology is also often horizontally stratified on a smaller scale and plays an important role in determining rock strength. Pore ​​pressure also has an important influence on rock strength. High pore pressure can reduce rock strength and prevent pore pressure in impermeable layers from escaping fluids that tend to be high. Therefore, pore pressure is also expected to affect the strength of various formations or formations. On a smaller scale, weathering and biochemistry also contribute to strong