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目的了解广西壮族自治区(广西)2012年1~6岁儿童乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)血清流行病学特征,为控制乙肝提供参考。方法调查广西122个县(区、市,下同),每个县采用分层随机抽样方法按东、西、南、北、中方位各抽取1~6岁儿童25人,对儿童监护人进行问卷调查,利用化学发光法对调查儿童血清标本进行检测,并对调查结果进行流行病学分析。结果广西2012年1~6岁儿童乙肝病毒表面抗原[Hepatitis B Virus(HBV)Surface Antigen,HBs Ag]阳性率为0.60%,抗乙肝病毒表面抗原抗体(Antibody to HBs Ag,Anti-HBs)阳性率为59.76%,且随着年龄的增长HBs Ag阳性率逐渐上升,Anti-HBs阳性率逐渐下降(χ2=13.530,P=0.019;χ2=789.306,P=0.000)。不同地区、接种不同剂次和不同剂量乙肝疫苗(Hepatitis B Vaccine,Hep B)其Anti-HBs阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.469,P=0.655;χ2=429.417,P=0.000;χ2=818.100,P=0.000)。调查16 760儿童中,有Hep B接种史100.00%,首剂(First Dose)Hep B(Hep B1)及时接种率为89.68%,全程接种率为99.86%,全程合格接种率为84.87%。结论广西2012年1~6岁儿童HBs Ag阳性率为0.60%,开展儿童Anti-HBs监测,及时接种Hep B1,全程接种Hep B,可减少HBV感染机会。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in children aged 1 ~ 6 years in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) in 2012 and to provide a reference for the control of hepatitis B. Methods A total of 122 counties in Guangxi (districts, cities, the same below) were investigated. Stratified random sampling was used in each county to select 25 children aged 1 ~ 6 years from east, west, south, Investigation, the use of chemiluminescence method for the detection of children’s serum samples were detected, and the results of epidemiological analysis. Results The positive rate of HBsAg in children aged 1 ~ 6 years in Guangxi in 2012 was 0.60%, and the positive rate of anti-HBs Ag (Anti-HBs) (59.76%), and the positive rate of HBs Ag gradually increased with age, the anti-HBs positive rate decreased gradually (χ2 = 13.530, P = 0.019; χ2 = 789.306, P = 0.000). In different areas, the positive rate of Anti-HBs in different doses and doses of Hepatitis B Vaccine (Hep B) was statistically significant (χ2 = 10.469, P = 0.655; χ2 = 429.417, P = 0.000; 818.100, P = 0.000). Of the 16 760 children surveyed, Hep B had a history of 100.00%, the first dose of Hep B (Hep B1) was 89.68%, the whole course of vaccination was 99.86%, and the entire eligible vaccination rate was 84.87%. Conclusions The positive rate of HBsAg in children aged 1 ~ 6 years in Guangxi from 2012 to 2012 was 0.60%. Monitoring of Anti-HBs in children and timely inoculation of Hep B 1 in Hep B could reduce the chance of HBV infection.