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本文对目前钢件淬火的各种组织中,性能优良的隐蔽马氏体的形成规律及其形态、实质进行了探讨。试验证实了加热时奥氏体内碳浓度不均匀是淬火后获得隐蔽马氏体的主要原因。隐蔽马氏体的实质是一种更细的马氏体。其形态和它所具有的碳浓度相对应。并指出,一般加热后直接淬火得到的隐蔽马氏体基本上是两类马氏体的混合型组织。马氏体之所以被细化是由于它在生成时对不同碳浓度区有一种“不可穿越性”。并从细化和控制形态的角度出发,提出获得不均匀奥氏体的淬火加热新工艺,为进一步发挥现有常用钢材的潜力探索新途径。
In this paper, the current quenching of steel in various organizations, excellent performance of the formation of concealed martensite and its morphology, essence were discussed. The experiment confirmed that the uneven carbon concentration in austenite during heating is the main reason for obtaining concealed martensite after quenching. The essence of concealed martensite is a finer martensite. Its morphology corresponds to the carbon concentration it has. It is pointed out that the concealed martensite obtained by direct quenching after heating is basically a mixed structure of two types of martensite. The reason why martensite is refined is that it has a “non-traversable” zone for different carbon concentration zones at the time of its formation. From the point of view of refinement and control mode, a new technology of quenching and heating for obtaining nonuniform austenite is proposed, which will explore new ways to further develop the potential of existing common steels.