地表水环境容量是区域工业经济发展所必须的重要自然资源之一，我国地域辽阔，受气候和地形的综合影响，地表水环境容量的空间分异明显。然而，多年来由于对此缺乏科学的认识，某些地区在工业生产力布局中未能考虑水环境容量的约束作用，致使地表水环境容量资源被超负荷开发利 Surface water environmental capacity is one of the important natural resources necessary for industrial economic development in the region. China has a vast territory. Due to the combination of climate and topography, the spatial variability of surface water environmental capacity is obvious. However, due to the lack of scientific understanding of this, over the years, some regions have not been able to consider the constraint of water environmental capacity in the layout of industrial productivity, resulting in the over-exploitation of surface water environmental capacity resources