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CMOS 有众所周知的优点,特别是它的低功耗,更引人注目。它的低速度、低集成度及 Latch-up 效应已逐步被人们所征服。随着 LSI 和 VLSI 的发展,集成度越来越高,单片功能越来越复杂,带来的问题是功耗与散热间的矛盾日趋深化,CMOS 化则成为 LSI 和 VLSI 的主流,cpu 也毫不例外地被卷进 CMOS 化的潮流之中。本文介绍一种 CMOS 化、全静态设计的 cpu 的特点,它原始设计为 NMOS,它由 NMOS 转变而来,继承了原 NMOScpu的一切优点,与原 NMOS cpu 完全替换使用,基本保留了原内部物理结构,成为CMOS 系统中原 NMOS cpu 的再现。本文讨论了在该 cpu CMOS 化中采用的 CMOS(clocked CMOS)电路的特点。阐述了由 NMOS 到 CMOS 衍变过程中遇到的问题:①锁存器的转变过程,在该CMOS 化 cpu 中采用的 RLT(RatioedLatch);②指令译码器和微跳步译码器的CMOS 化衍变过程;③ALU 的 CMOS 化衍变。研究了在 CMOS 电路中为提高速度、减小面积所采用的预充电结构。分析了TTL 兼容和总线维持电路。
CMOS has the well-known advantages, especially its low power consumption, more eye-catching. Its low speed, low integration and Latch-up effect have gradually been conquered by people. With the development of LSI and VLSI, the integration becomes higher and higher, the monolithic function becomes more and more complicated, the problem brought by is that the contradiction between power consumption and heat dissipation is deepening day by day, CMOS becomes the mainstream of LSI and VLSI, cpu also Without exception, be involved in the trend of CMOS. This article describes a CMOS, all-static design of the cpu features, it was originally designed as NMOS, which changes from the NMOS, inherited all the advantages of the original NMOScpu, and the original NMOS cpu completely replace the use of the basic retains the original internal physics Structure, a CMOS system to become the original cpu CMOS reproduction. This article discusses the features of CMOS (clocked CMOS) circuitry used in this CMOS CMOS. The problems encountered during the transition from NMOS to CMOS are described: (1) the process of latch transition, the RLT (RatioedLatch) used in the CMOS cpu; (2) the CMOS of the instruction decoder and micro-skip decoder Evolution process; ③ ALU CMOS evolution. The precharge structure used in CMOS circuits to increase speed and reduce area was studied. The TTL compatibility and bus hold circuits are analyzed.