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江苏省里下河地区在—熟沤田改稻麦两熟田的改制中发生一种脱沼泽型水稻土。一系列野外调查,田间试验和室內研究的结果示明,脱沼泽型水稻土发生过程中土壤性状的变化包括三个阶段:第一阶段中表土产生浸水不化的块状结构和土壤有效磷的强烈固定,第二阶段中亚表土变为无结构而粘滞,土性很冷而过湿,使冬作生长不良,第三阶段中耕作层下由于土体的急剧收缩和胶结而产生极紧实的棱柱状结构,漏水漏肥,作物根不能穿入土体以吸收养份。改善以上恶劣性状的有效措施是:(1)排去田面积水、耕翻土壤、在阳光中充分晒干后迅速窨水化垡以造成疏松的团粒;(2)采用稻—麦—棉轮作,加速土壤脱沼泽,以消除土壤中、后期出现的不良结构;(3)施磷肥或种吸收土中磷素能力强的麻、油莱或其它绿肥作物;(4)掺入粉砂性河泥以逐渐改变粘性土壤的质地。
Lixiahe in Jiangsu Province in - cooked 沤 Tian rice and wheat fields to the reform of a dewatered paddy soil. The results of a series of field surveys, field experiments and laboratory studies show that the changes of soil properties during the removal of marsh paddy soil include three phases: the first stage, Strongly fixed, the second stage of the topsoil in Central Asia into no structure and sticky, very cold and wet soil, poor winter growth, the third stage of the tillage layer due to the rapid contraction and cementation of the soil and very tight The real prismatic structure, leaking leakage, crop roots can not penetrate the soil to absorb nutrients. The effective measures to ameliorate the above bad traits are: (1) draining paddy field water, plowing the soil, rapidly drying it in the sunshine, and rapidly hydrating it to create loose pellets; (2) using rice-wheat-cotton rotation , Accelerate the removal of marsh soil, in order to eliminate the soil, the late appearance of adverse structures; (3) phosphate fertilizer or species to absorb phosphorus in the strong ability of hemp, oil or other green manure crops; (4) into the silt river Mud to gradually change the texture of sticky soil.