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（一）重力坝超载破坏的原因是多方面的，而且比较复杂。本文讨论新型的腹拱式重力坝由于改善了结构特点和应力状态，对提高超载破坏能力的影响，并与相应的宽缝重力坝进行比较。（二）本文阐述了结构破坏的模型试验原理，并附带地提到地基连接条件及纵缝灌 浆条件的模拟。（三）对实验方法，模型制作，加载方法，量测方法，以及实验步骤进行了阐述。（四）根据上述原理和方法进行了十二组模型超载破坏试验，模型材料均采用砼， 比例尺为１：２００，根据实验结果初步分析如下： １）腹拱坝和同体积宽缝坝的超载能力，在其他条件相同时，腹拱坝较宽缝坝大 ８％－１９％，初步证明了腹拱坝具有较好的承载能力。 ２）就腹拱坝而言，其坝体剖面形状对超载能力亦有颇大影响。实验结果，初步认 为腹拱高约占坝高１／３左右，倾角与合力线大致吻合（一般为６０°－６６°），拱顶曲率 适当减少，前后腿厚度比在１．２－１．４之间比较适宜。 ３）坝体破坏的原因均由于主拉应力破坏，宽缝坝裂缝由外而内，腹拱坝则由内拱 向外裂开，因而在抵抗渗透的危险上腹拱坝亦有利。 ４）对带有纵缝灌浆的宽缝坝进行的破坏试验说明，从缝对超载能力有一定影响，超载系数与同样的整体宽缝坝要低２５－３０％左右，破坏规律?
(A) The reasons for the destruction of gravity dam overload are manifold and complicated. This article discusses the impact of the new type of abdominal arch gravity dam on improving the capacity of overloading due to the improvement of structural characteristics and stress state and compares with the corresponding wide-gap gravity dam. (B) This paper describes the model test principle of structural failure, and also mentions the connection conditions of foundation and the simulation of longitudinal grouting conditions. (C) of the experimental method, model making, loading method, measuring method, and experimental steps are described. (D) According to the above principle and method, twelve groups of model overload failure tests were conducted. The model materials were all concrete, with a scale of 1: 200. According to the experimental results, the preliminary analysis is as follows: 1) Capacity, under the same conditions, belly arch dam dam wide 8% -19% larger, preliminary proves that the belly arch dam has a good carrying capacity. 2) For the belly arch dam, the shape of the cross section of the dam also has a considerable impact on the overloading capacity. According to the experimental results, it is preliminarily believed that the abdominal arch height accounts for about 1/3 of the height of the dam, and the inclination angle is approximately in line with the resultant force line (generally 60 ° -66 °). The dome curvature is appropriately reduced, and the thickness ratio of the front and rear legs is 1.2-1. 4 between the more appropriate. 3) The causes of dam failure are due to the failure of the main tensile stress, cracks in wide seam dam from the outside and inside, abdominal arch dam from the inner arch cracked open, so the risk of infiltration in the upper abdominal arch dam is also beneficial. 4) The failure test of wide-gap grouting with longitudinal grout grouting shows that the influence of overloading capacity is affected by the seam. The overloading coefficient is about 25-30% lower than that of the same wide-width grout dam, and the failure law?