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为了探讨越冬期树干形成层温度变化对形成层组织生理参数的影响,以库尔勒香梨为实验材料,在太阳辐射和气温达到日最大值的时间段,利用控温红外灯将实验组树干阳面形成层温度分别增温达到16℃、19℃、22%、25℃、28℃、31℃、34℃,采用热电偶温度传感器同时连续监测形成层温度并结合主要生理参数的变化,分析越冬期间树干形成层温度变化引起的融冻交替对树干组织主要生理参数的影响。结果表明,增温达到最大阳面形成层温度日较差的处理条件下,SOD、POD和CAT活性比对照分别降低了83.60%、84.62%、47.56%,相对电导率和可溶性蛋白含量分别升高了41.46%、46.81%;生理指标和形成层温度均呈负相关,其中CAT、可溶性蛋白和相对电导率呈显著性负相关。形成层温度日较差或融冻交替幅度与各生理参数均呈负相关,其中CAT、可溶性蛋白和相对电导率呈显著性负相关。保护酶系中,SOD对形成层温度变化最为敏感;虽然POD保护作用稍微迟钝,但在较强烈的形成层温度变化的条件下起到最好的保护作用;在形成层温度强烈波动的情况下,CAT保持最小变化幅度;可溶性蛋白通过调节渗透势,减轻细胞伤害程度。
In order to investigate the effect of temperature change of trunk formation temperature on the physiological parameters of the formation layer during overwintering period, Korla fragrant pear was used as the experimental material. When the solar radiation and air temperature reached the maximum value, The temperature of formation layer was raised to 16 ℃, 19 ℃, 22%, 25 ℃, 28 ℃, 31 ℃ and 34 ℃ respectively. Simultaneously, the temperature of formation layer was monitored continuously with the change of main physiological parameters by thermocouple temperature sensor. The influence of alternate thawing temperature on the main physiological parameters of trunk tissue caused by the change of formation temperature. The results showed that the activities of SOD, POD and CAT decreased by 83.60%, 84.62% and 47.56%, respectively, while the relative conductivity and soluble protein content increased respectively 41.46% and 46.81% respectively. There was a negative correlation between physiological index and formation zone temperature, among which CAT, soluble protein and relative conductivity were negatively correlated. The temperature of forming layer or the range of thawing alternation was negatively correlated with the physiological parameters, and CAT, soluble protein and relative conductivity showed a significant negative correlation. In the protective enzyme system, SOD was the most sensitive to the temperature change of formation layer. Although the protective effect of POD was a little slow, it played the best protective effect under the condition of strong formation layer temperature change. Under the condition of strong temperature fluctuation of formation layer , CAT to maintain the minimum change; soluble protein by regulating the osmotic potential, reduce the degree of cell damage.