河南省南阳市淅川县是南水北调中线工程的水源地和主要淹没区,因为豫鄂陕三省水源区面积大,地质复杂,生态脆弱,水土流失严重,生态保护与环境治理的任务极其艰巨。调水大渠通过的沿黄区域和豫北部分地区同样存在严重的水土流失问题。 Xichuan County, Nanyang City, Henan Province, is the water source and main submerged area of ​​the mid-route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. Since the water source areas of the three provinces of Henan, Hubei and Shaanxi are large in area, complex in geology, fragile in ecology and severe in soil erosion, the task of ecological protection and environmental governance is extremely arduous. There are also serious problems of soil and water loss in the areas along the Yellow River and parts of northern Henan where water diversion channels are adopted.