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目的了解随州市某医院院内感染的基本情况,发现医院感染控制中存在的问题,为进一步制定医院感染监控措施,减少和控制医院感染的发生提供依据。方法收集2008年1-12月该医院所有的出院病例,分季度对院内感染情况进行回顾性调查分析;每季度对该院所有住院病人进行一次现况调查(包括医院感染情况、抗菌药物使用情况、药敏菌培情况),同时对医院各科室消毒状况进行监测。结果2008年该医院发生院内感染621例,平均感染率为5.41%,感染部位以呼吸道居首位;院内感染病例的标本送检率为33.17%,病原体以革兰阴性菌所占比例最高,为52.35%,其次分别为革兰阳性菌和真菌;药敏培养显示头孢菌的耐药率最低为62.87%;抗菌药物平均使用率为81.84%,其中单用药物使用率为54.12%;消毒监测的平均合格率为85.53%。结论定期开展医院内感染现况调查,及时发现医院感染管理中存在的问题,加强医院感染管理,如合理使用抗生素、加强病原菌的监测等等,有利于预防和控制医院感染。
Objective To understand the basic situation of nosocomial infection in a hospital in Suizhou and find out the problems in the control of nosocomial infection in order to provide evidences for further monitoring of nosocomial infection and reduce and control the occurrence of nosocomial infections. Methods All the discharged cases of the hospital from January to December in 2008 were collected and analyzed retrospectively in quarterly. All the inpatients in the hospital were surveyed on a quarterly basis (including the situation of nosocomial infection, the use of antibacterials , Susceptibility bacteria culture situation), while the hospital departments to monitor the status of disinfection. Results In 2008, 621 nosocomial infections occurred in this hospital, with an average infection rate of 5.41%. The infected area ranked the first with the respiratory tract. The rate of nosocomial infections was 33.17%. The highest proportion of pathogens was gram-negative bacteria, which was 52.35%, followed by Gram-positive bacteria and fungi respectively. The sensitivity of Cephalosporium was 62.87%, the average rate of antibacterial was 81.84%, and the rate of single-drug use was 54.12% The average pass rate was 85.53%. Conclusion Regular investigation of the status of nosocomial infections and timely identification of problems in the management of nosocomial infections and strengthening of nosocomial infection management, such as the rational use of antibiotics and the strengthening of surveillance of pathogens, are helpful to prevent and control nosocomial infections.