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检测良、恶性胸水患者各２０例的血清与胸液的唾液酸（ＳＡ）、癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）、乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）和４０例健康人的血清ＳＡ的结果表明：（１）良、恶性胸水患者的血清ＳＡ均高于正常人组（Ｐ＜０．０１），但良、恶性两组间比较差异不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（２）良、恶性胸水患者的胸水与血清ＳＡ、ＣＥＡ、ＬＤＨ及ＳＡ＋ＣＥＡ联合，ＳＡ＋ＣＥＡ＋ＬＤＨ联合检测，鉴别良、恶性胸水以ＣＥＡ（胸液／血清比值≥１．５）最优，特异性高达９５％，敏感性为５５％。
The serum and pleural sialic acid (SA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and serum SA in 40 healthy individuals were measured in 20 patients with benign and malignant pleural effusions. The results were as follows: (1) The serum SA levels in patients with benign and malignant pleural effusions were higher than those in normal controls (P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between benign and malignant patients (P>0.05); (2) Patients with benign and malignant pleural effusions The combination of pleural effusion with serum SA, CEA, LDH, and SA+CEA, and SA+CEA+LDH combined to distinguish between benign and malignant pleural effusions had the best CEA (ratio of pleural/serum ≥1.5), specificity of up to 95%, and sensitivity of 55%.