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目的了解宜昌市手足口病的发病趋势,掌握流行规律,为制定有效的预防控制措施提供参考。方法对中国疾病监测信息管理系统监测的2008—2015年宜昌市手足口病病例特征进行描述性流行病学分析,比较不同病例构成特点。结果8年间全市共报告手足口病34 205例,重症2例,无死亡病例报告,发病率在54.07/10万~166.80/10万间呈稳定性波动,每年春末夏初及冬季为发病集中月份;病例年龄分布以“1~岁”组构成比最大,为79.77%(27 286/34 205);宜昌市西陵区病人构成比最高,伍家岗区发病率最高;散居儿童、托幼儿童为发病的主要人群;病例报告主要来自县级医院,实验室确诊病例中,病毒分型以EV71型为主。结论宜昌市手足口病的发生存在明显季节、地区、年龄差异,防控工作重点为托幼机构。及时接种疫苗、开展手足口病流行病学和病原学调查研究,有助于提出针对性的预防控制措施。
Objective To understand the trend of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yichang City and to master the epidemic law and provide a reference for the formulation of effective preventive and control measures. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis on the characteristics of HFMD in Yichang City during 2008-2015 monitored by the China Disease Surveillance Information Management System was conducted and the characteristics of different cases were compared. Results A total of 34 205 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were reported in the city in 8 years. There were 2 severe cases and no deaths. The incidence rate fluctuated between 54.07 / 100 ~ 166.80 / 100 000, and the disease was concentrated in early spring, early summer, early summer and winter Month; the age distribution of patients was the highest in the “1 ~” group, 79.77% (27 286/34 205); the highest proportion of patients in Xiling District of Yichang City was the highest, and the incidence rate was the highest in Wujiagang District; For the incidence of major populations; case reports mainly from county hospitals, laboratory confirmed cases, the virus type EV71-based. Conclusion The occurrence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yichang City has obvious seasonal, regional and age differences. The focus of prevention and control is child-care institution. Timely vaccination to carry out hand, foot and mouth disease epidemiology and etiological investigation, help to put forward targeted prevention and control measures.