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植物异源次生物质在害虫生态控制中具有广阔的应用前景。本研究测定了19种异源植物提取物对稻蚜的忌避、引诱作用和致死作用,结果表明:处理24h后,番荔枝Annona squamosa L.、椰子Cocos nucifer L.、飞机草Eupatorium odoratum L.等植物的提取物对稻蚜定居取食的干扰效果较好,忌避作用指数在0.5以下;人心果Manilkara zapota(L.)van Royen、番石榴Psidium littorale Raddi、微苷菊Mikania Micrantha H.B、芒果Mangif era indica L.、黄皮Clausena lansium(Lour.)Skeels、鱼眼菊Didhrocephala bicolor(Roth)Schlcht.in L.等的忌避作用指数大于1,说明它们对稻蚜不再表现为忌避作用,而是引诱作用。绝大部分植物提取物对稻蚜的致死作用不强,处理后24h,仅西番莲Passif lora caerulea L.和假Piper betleL.的存活指数低于0.5;48h后,仅有假提取物对稻蚜的存活指数低于0.5(接近0.5)。随着时间延长,稻蚜的生存指数有所降低,异源植物提取物的致死作用减弱。
Plant heterologous secondary biomass in the pest ecological control has broad application prospects. In this study, the inhibition, attraction and lethal effects of 19 heterologous plant extracts on rice aphids were determined. The results showed that after 24 hours of treatment, Annona squamosa L., Cocos nucifer L. and Eupatorium odoratum L. The effects of plant extracts on the population of the rice aphids were better than those of the control. The index of repellent effect was below 0.5. Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen, Psidium littorale Raddi, Mikania Micrantha HB, Mango Mangifra indica L., Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels and Didhrocephala bicolor (Roth) Schlcht.in L. were more than 1, indicating that they were no longer evasive to rice aphid, effect. Most of the plant extracts were not lethal to the rice aphid, and the viability index of Passiflora caerulea L. and Piper betle L. was only less than 0.5 after treatment for 24 h. Only after 48 h, The survival index for the rice aphid is below 0.5 (approaching 0.5). With the extension of time, the survival index of rice aphid decreased, the lethal effect of heterologous plant extracts weakened.