论文部分内容阅读
转运RNA(tRNA)是将信使RNA(mRNA)翻译成蛋白质的关键分子，研究表明它还是一些非编码小RNA的前体RNA。近年来，人们发现在细菌、真菌、植物和动物中存在一些长约16～60 nts的非编码RNA(ncRNA)，它们是由tRNA精确剪切而来的片段(tRF)，并非是随机降解的产物。目前人们对这类小分子RNA的认识还很有限，近年的研究表明tRF在各种疾病中具有重要的功能。本文针对tRF的分类、修饰及其在各种疾病中的作用及机制等研究进展进行综述。“,”Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a key molecule in translating mRNA into proteins, and studies have shown that it is also a precursor RNA for some non-coding small RNAs. In recent years, it has been shown that some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) about 16-60nts derived from tRNA are expressed in bacteria, fungi, plants and animals, which are precisely cleaved by endonuclease and not the product of random degradation. There is still limited understanding of these small molecules of RNA. In recent years, studies have shown that these small RNAs have important functions in various diseases. This paper summarizes the classification, modification, the role and mechanism of tRNA-derived fragments in various diseases.