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目前缺乏针对较强空间特性水文地质计算参数的高效采集方法与管理机制,而且现有孔隙地下水流有限元数值模拟在三维可视化与空间分析等方面仍存在很多不足。因此,本文以有限元数值计算方法和三维地理信息平台为基础,结合GIS空间分析算法和计算机图形学理论,针对孔隙承压地下水有限元分析过程的关键步骤(概念模型构建、空间离散、水文地质参数提取与赋值等),提出了孔隙地下水有限元数值模拟过程在3D GIS下的实现方法和技术框架。基于水文地质钻孔数据和GTP(Generalized Tri-Prism)空间数据模型,以盐城市滨海平原水文地质区为研究区域,实现了地下水系统空间结构特征的三维表达,同时与地下水流有限元数值模型相耦合,提出了3D GIS模型与地下水非稳定流有限元数值模型耦合的核心处理算法,并在此基础上开发了3D GIS地下水流数值模拟系统。应用实例表明,该技术框架可有效简化有限元分析流程、优化模型计算效率、实现地下水有限元数值模拟过程及计算结果的三维可视化。
At present, there is a lack of efficient acquisition methods and management mechanisms for hydrogeological parameters with strong spatial characteristics. However, there are still many deficiencies in the three-dimensional visualization and spatial analysis of the existing numerical simulation of pore-surface water flow. Therefore, based on the finite element numerical method and the 3D geographic information platform, combined with the GIS spatial analysis algorithm and computer graphics theory, this paper aims at the key steps of finite element analysis process of pore pressure groundwater (conceptual model construction, spatial discretization, hydrogeology Parameter extraction and assignment, etc.), the method and technical framework of numerical simulation of porous groundwater under 3D GIS are proposed. Based on the hydrogeological borehole data and the GTP (Generalized Tri-Prism) spatial data model, the three-dimensional expression of the spatial structural features of the groundwater system is studied in the hydrological area of Yancheng coastal plains. At the same time, The core processing algorithm of coupled 3D GIS model and finite element numerical model of unsteady groundwater flow is put forward. On this basis, a 3D GIS groundwater numerical simulation system is developed. The application example shows that the technical framework can effectively simplify the flow of the finite element analysis, optimize the calculation efficiency of the model and realize the three-dimensional visualization of the numerical simulation process of groundwater and the calculation results.