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以籼粳交超级稻甬优12为试材,比较研究高产(10.5~12.0 t hm–2)、更高产(12.0~13.5 t hm–2)、超高产(>13.5 t hm–2)3个群体的株型特征。结果表明,穗长、穗粒数、一次和二次枝梗数,超高产群体分别为21.56、356.34、20.46和73.98(两年平均值),均高于对应的高产和更高产群体,但一次和二次枝梗的结实率略微降低。超高产群体上部三叶的长、宽以及卷曲率高,倒一、倒二、倒三叶的卷曲率分别为1.84、1.47、1.26,叶基角和披垂度小,抽穗后的主茎绿叶数多。超高产群体株高为143.50 cm,分别较更高产、高产群体高1.98%和3.83%,上部第一、第二、第三节间长度增加,穗长加穗下节间长占株高比例、穗下节间占秆长比例高,分别为39.84%和37.75%;基部第一、第二、第三节间长度缩短,茎秆粗度和茎壁厚度增加,茎、鞘干物重以及K、Si含量高,提高了基部节间的抗折力同时降低了倒伏指数。
High-yielding (10.5 ~ 12.0 t hm-2), high yield (12.0 ~ 13.5 t hm-2) and high yielding (> 13.5 t hm-2) Plant type characteristics. The results showed that the spike length, number of spikes per panicle, number of primary and secondary branches and super-high yielding population were 21.56, 356.34, 20.46 and 73.98 (two-year average), both higher than the corresponding high yield and higher yield population, The seed setting rate of secondary branches is slightly reduced. The length, width and curl rate of the upper clover in the super-high-yielding population were high, and the curl rates were 1.84, 1.47 and 1.26, A few more. The height of the super high-yielding population was 143.50 cm, which was 1.98% and 3.83% higher than the higher-yielding and high-yielding population respectively. The length of the first, second and third internodes increased, The ratio of stalk length to stalk length was 39.84% and 37.75% respectively. The length of the first, second and third internodes was shortened, the stem thickness and stem thickness increased, The Si content is high, which increases the bending resistance of the basal internodes and reduces the lodging index.