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目的 估算 1 999年辽宁省城市和农村人群哮喘现患病率、评估哮喘患病的危险因素、诊治现状 ,为哮喘人群防治提供依据。方法 以分层整群不等比随机抽样对照方法调查 1 1 6 2 76人 ,依据病史、体征、肺功能检查确诊哮喘患者。单因素分析用于评价哮喘的危险因素。结果 全省现患病率为 1 2 5 % ,男、女比为 1∶1 64。儿童为 0 48% ,成人为 1 39%。起病高峰期为 0～ 1 4岁 ,38 6 %哮喘患者在此期起病 ,农民、养殖业和干部患病率高。农村 (1 89% )患病率高于城市 (0 81 % ) ,沈阳地区 (1 66 % )高于大连 (0 88% )和锦州地区 (0 71 % )。2 4 7%的哮喘患者有家族史 ,2 0 4%有过敏史 ,过敏性鼻炎OR值为 6 2 8。 2 6 0 %有吸烟史 ,燃油者OR值为 5 94。感冒、接触冷空气、吸入刺激性气体、接触油烟为前 4位诱因 ,2 4 4%的哮喘患者合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD)。哮喘患者中由本次调查首次确诊者为 57 5 % ,曾应用吸入糖皮质激素者为 6 4% ,曾口服茶碱者为 44 7%。结论 本次调查基本反映了辽宁省哮喘的流行情况 ,以此估算全省哮喘患者约 52 97万例 ,有关调查资料为其群防群治提供了依据
Objective To estimate the prevalence of asthma in urban and rural areas in Liaoning Province in 1999, assess the risk factors of asthma, and present the diagnosis and treatment, and provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods The stratified cluster analysis was performed on an unequal randomized controlled trial of 1,162,676 people with asthma diagnosed on the basis of their medical history, signs and pulmonary function tests. Univariate analysis was used to assess the risk factors for asthma. Results The prevalence in the province was 125%, male to female ratio was 1: 64. 0 48% of children and 1 39% of adults. Peak incidence of 0 to 14 years old, 386% of asthma patients in this period of onset, farmers, aquaculture and cadre prevalence. The prevalence rate in rural areas (89%) was higher than that in urban areas (81.1%), that in Shenyang (166%) was higher than that in Dalian (0 88%) and Jinzhou (0 71%). Forty-four to seven percent of asthmatics had a family history of 204% with an allergy history and an allergic rhinitis OR of 62.8%. 26 0% had a history of smoking and the fuel OR figure was 5 94. Cold, exposure to cold air, inhalation of irritating gases, exposure to fumes as the top 4 contributors, and 24.4% of asthmatics with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The first confirmed asthma in this survey was 57.5%, those who used glucocorticoids were 64%, and those who had taken theophylline 447%. Conclusion This survey basically reflects the epidemic situation of asthma in Liaoning Province, so as to estimate about 52.97 million cases of asthma in the whole province. The survey data provided the basis for its prevention and treatment