一、引言 第二次世界大战以后,关税和贸易总协定(GATT)的设立开创了一个开放与自由的贸易体系。加上根据货币基金组织协议设立的固定的货币体制,从而建立起一个全球性的稳定的贸易与金融体制。这使世界贸易进入了前所未有的稳定发展时期以及经济上的相互依存。1953—1963年期间,世界贸易额平均每年增长5.6％,1963—1973年间增长8.5％,大大高于 I. INTRODUCTION Since the Second World War, the establishment of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) has created an open and free trading system. Together with the fixed monetary system established under the IMF agreement, a global and stable trade and financial system is established. This has brought world trade into an unprecedented period of steady development and economic interdependence. Between 1953 and 1963, the world trade volume grew by an average of 5.6% annually, up 8.5% from 1963-1973, which was much higher than