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一、前言精密小深孔的加工质量问题在目前生产中是一个较难解决的问题。所谓精密孔是指精度在H7级公差以上和光洁度在▽7级以上的孔;所谓小孔是指小于φ12mm的孔,所谓深孔是指长径比≥5的孔。目前对于精密小深孔的机械加工方法,有采用如下的几种方案: (1)钻孔-扩孔-粗铰孔-精铰孔 (2)钻孔-扩孔-粗镗孔-高速精镗孔 (3)钻孔-扩孔-粗镗孔-高速精磨孔 (4)钻孔-扩孔-粗镗孔-高速精镗或精磨孔-软氮化处理 (5)钻孔-扩孔-粗精铰孔(放研磨余量)-渗碳淬火-研磨孔上述几种加工方案均存在一定的缺陷。方案(1)存在着光洁度差和出现锥口等缺陷,并对精铰刀的制
First, the preface Precision small deep hole processing quality problems in the current production is a difficult problem to be solved. The so-called precision hole refers to the accuracy above the H7 level tolerance and finish in ▽ 7 above the hole; the so-called small hole is less than φ12mm hole, the so-called deep hole refers to the aspect ratio ≥ 5 holes. At present, there are several schemes for the machining of precision small deep holes: (1) Drilling - Reaming - Rough reaming - Reaming (2) Drilling - Reaming - Rough boring - High speed Boring (3) Drilling - Reaming - Coarse Boring - High Speed Grinding (4) Drilling - Reaming - Coarse Boring - High Speed Boring or Fine Grinding - Soft Nitriding (5) Reaming - rough fine reaming (grinding load) - carburizing and quenching - grinding hole The above-mentioned several processing programs have some defects. Program (1) there is a poor finish and the emergence of defects such as cone mouth, and fine reamer system